HEMATOLOGY
THE STUDY OF BLOOD AND ITS COMPONENTS
  • About
  • Contact
  • Collecting & Processing of Blood: Pre-Analytical
  • Blood
  • Phlebotomy and Venipuncture
  • Capillary Samples & Skin Punctures
  • The Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Differential
  • Red Blood Cells
  • White Blood Cells
  • Platelets
  • Red Blood Cell Inclusions and Abnormalities
  • Anemias
  • White Blood Cell Inclusions and Abnormalities
  • Leukemias
  • Platelet Abnormalities
  • Coagulation
  • Coagulation Disorders
    • Artifacts in Peripheral Blood Smears
  • Blood Parasites
  • References
  • Hemacytometer

COAGULATION AND COAGULATION PATHWAYS AND TESTS:

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Westergren pipettes lined up for testing the SED (sedimentation) rate
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Warfarin/Coumadin is medication given to "thin the blood" and to treat blood clots or blood clotting conditions or to dissolve existing blood clots.
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The study of blood coagulation has been around since the days of Hippocrates, from about 400 B.C.  

Coagulation describes the
  • process in which the body controls bleeding and keeps blood in a liquid form 
  • ability to form and remove a clot
  • a system of checks and balances between thrombosis, or clot formation, and hemorrhage
  • anticoagulants (prevent clotting)
  • procoagulants (promote clotting)

Primary hemostasis:
  • platelet function
  • vasoconstriction (vessel narrowing)
  • platelet plug formation
Secondary hemostasis:
  • coagulation proteins
  • platelet phospholipids
  • substrates
  • enzymatic reactions
  • fibrin formation
  • conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin clot by thrombin, formed by the precursor protein prothrombin

Thrombosis:
  • inappropriate activation of the hemostasis system
  • formation of pathogenic thrombi
  • decrease of anticoagulants in the blood
  • clot formation

Fibrinolysis:
  • procoagulants decrease in circulation
  • too much may result in bleeding/hemorrhage
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